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<h2><span style="font-size: 18px;"><strong>Types of car pressure sensors and how they work</strong></span></h2>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>Tire pressure sensor (TPMS)</strong></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Principle: TPMS sensors typically use a piezoelectric or capacitive pressure sensor technology.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Operation: Each TPMS sensor is mounted inside a tire and constantly monitors the air pressure. When the pressure decreases, the sensor's internal diaphragm or structure deforms, causing a change in capacitance or generating a voltage.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Transmission: The sensor wirelessly transmits the pressure data to the vehicle's onboard computer, which processes the information and triggers a warning light on the dashboard if the pressure falls below a predefined threshold.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor</strong></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Principle: MAP sensors often use a piezoresistive or capacitive element.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Operation: The MAP sensor measures the pressure in the engine's intake manifold. As the engine sucks in air, the pressure in the manifold changes. The sensor responds to these changes by altering its electrical properties, such as resistance or capacitance.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Signal Processing: The sensor's output is sent to the Engine Control Unit (ECU), which uses this data to optimize fuel injection and air-fuel mixture for engine performance and emissions control.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>Oil pressure sensor</strong></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Principle: Oil pressure sensors typically use a piezoresistive sensing element.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Operation: The oil pressure sensor is mounted in the engine and monitors the pressure of engine oil. When the oil pressure changes, it causes a corresponding change in the sensor's electrical resistance.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Output: The sensor's output is sent to the ECU and may also be used to trigger a warning light on the dashboard if oil pressure drops too low.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>Transmission fluid pressure sensor</strong></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Principle: These sensors often use piezoelectric or piezoresistive elements.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Operation: Transmission fluid pressure sensors monitor the hydraulic pressure in the transmission. Changes in pressure result in a change in the sensor's electrical properties.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 14px;">Signal Processing: The sensor's output is used to control transmission functions, such as gear shifting and torque converter lockup.</span></li>
</ul>

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